DRI / DIRECTORY / KENT HOEKMAN
Kent Hoekman Profile Photo
Dr. Kent Hoekman
Research Professor Emeritus
Phone 
775-674-7065
E-Mail 
Kent.Hoekman@dri.edu
Campus 
Reno Campus
Full Resume / CV 
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Division 
Atmospheric Sciences

Research Areas:

  • Renewable and sustainable energy systems
  • Production and use of bio-fuels
  • Air quality impacts of vehicle emissions
  • Impacts of advanced-technology vehicles on emissions and energy usage
  • Role of science in shaping environmental public policy

Professional Interests

Dr. Hoekman is a Research Professor within the Division of Atmospheric Sciences at the Desert Research Institute (DRI). DRI is a statewide division of the Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE) that pursues basic and applied environmental research on local, national, and international scales. His professional interests include environmental impacts of energy production, distribution, and use; development of renewable and sustainable energy systems; conversion of biomass to biofuels; air quality impacts of vehicle emissions; and impacts of advanced-technology fuels and vehicles on emissions and energy use. He is also interested in the interface between politics and environmental science, particularly in the areas of energy policy, renewable fuels, greenhouse gases, and climate change.

In addition to his personal professional activities, Dr. Hoekman has provided leadership for DRI in the identification, protection, and licensing of intellectual property (IP) developed at the Institute. Dr. Hoekman was instrumental in establishing a joint Technology Transfer Office (TTO) between DRI and the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR). He currently serves as DRIs Liaison to the TTO, and oversees the activities of this office on behalf of DRI.

Dr. Hoekman has also served DRI by coordinating and promoting the Institutions R&D portfolio in the field of renewable energy. He has led the effort to establish a Clean Technologies and Renewable Energy Center at DRI, and continues to provide leadership in this area. For further information about the DRI, please refer to its website at http://www.dri.edu/clean-technologies-and-renewable-energy

In addition, Dr. Hoekman is active in the scientific academic and business communities. He serves as a reviewer for numerous science and engineering journals, is a member of several professional societies, has assisted in organizing scientific conferences, and contributes to the mentoring and advisement of graduate students at the University of Nevada in Reno. Currently, he serves as Associate Editor for the International Journal of Alternative Energy.

From 2001 to 2007, Dr. Hoekman served as Executive Director of DRIs Division of Atmospheric Sciences (DAS). DAS consists of approximately 50 research faculty, along with 70 technologists, graduate students, post-docs, and other support staff. The Division conducts fundamental and applied research around the world on topics pertaining to emissions, renewable energy, air pollution, meteorology, climatology, aerosol chemistry and physics, and other areas related to atmospheric science. DAS also serves as the institutional home for the Western Regional Climate Center, one of six NOAA-funded regional climate centers in the U.S. As Director, Dr. Hoekman was responsible for all personnel, financial, organizational, and professional activities of Divisional operations. The Divisions scientific work is sponsored by over 100 federal, state, local, and private organizations that provide approximately $14 million per year in research grants and contracts. For more information about the Division and its activities, please refer to its web site at http://www.dri.edu/atmospheric-sciences

Education

Degree Year Institution Area
Ph.D. 1980 Iowa State University, Ames, IA Organic Chemistry
B.S.

1975

 Calvin college, Grand Rapids, MI Chemistry

Professional Memberships

  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • Air and Waste Management Association (AWMA)
  • Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)
  • Algal Biomass Organization

Awards/Honors

  • Chevron Chairmans Award (1984) Presented in recognition of diesel emissions research
  • Horning Memorial Award (1985) Presented by the Society of Automotive Engineers
  • Arch T. Colwell Merit Award (1985) Presented by the Society of Automotive Engineers
  • Society of Automotive Engineers Award for Excellence in Oral Presentation (1993 and 1995)
  • Recognition of Appreciation from the California Air Resources Board (2001)

Keywords

Renewable energy, biomass, biofuels, fossil fuels, fuel processing, fuel regulations, vehicle emissions

 

Publications
2022
Hoekman, S.K., Khlystov, A. Y. (2022). Effect of Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis (DHA) Development on Particulate matter Index (PMI) Variability, 1-51. Final Report: CRC Report No. AVFL-29-2, January 27, 2022, https://crcao.org/published-reports-full/

Al-Jabri, H., Das, P., Khan, S., AbdulQuadir, M., Thaher, M., Hoekman, S.K., Hawari, A. (2022). A comparison of bio-crude oil production from five marine microalgae – Using life cycle analysis, Energy, 251 (123954), 14
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S036054422200857X

McKenna, S., Hoekman, S.K., Lutz, A. D., Gentilcore, D. M. (2022). Lithium Opportunities and Challenges in Nevada, Desert Research Institute: Reno, NV, DRI Publication Number 41290

2021
Hoekman, S.K. (2021). Investigation of Sulfate Salt Solubilities in Ethanol and Gasoline-Ethanol Blends, Final Report. Coordinating Research Council, Inc, June 8, 2021, CRC Report No. CM-136-18-2
https://3mpm51mqb7ryj2j12n04r01b-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/CRC-CM-136-18-2-Final-Report-06082021.pdf

Hoekman, S.K., Welstand, J. S. (2021). Vehicle Emissions and Air Quality: The Early Years (1940s?1950s), Atmosphere, 12 (10), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12101354

2020
X. Wang, Hoekman, S.K., Han, Y., Chow, J. C., Watson, J. G., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Schuetzle, D. (2020). Potential emission reductions by converting agricultural residue biomass to synthetic fuels for vehicles and domestic cooking in China, Particuology, 49, 40-47

Han, Y., Hoekman, S.K., Jena, U., Das, P. (2020). Use of Co-Solvents in Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) of Microalgae, Energies, 13 (1), 124, 10.3390/en13010124

Hoekman, S.K. (2020). Review of Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Emissions from Motor Vehicles, SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr., 13 (1), 20 pp. , 10.4271/04-13-01-0005

Carrasco, S., Silva, J., Pino-Cortes, E., Gomez, J., Vallejo, F., Diaz-Robles, L., Campos, V., Cubillos, F., Pelz, S., Paczkowski, S., Cereceda-Balic, F., Vergara-Fernandez, A., Lapuerta, M., Pazo, A., Monedero, E., Hoekman, S.K. (2020). Experimental Study on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Magnesium Chloride for Solid Fuel Production, Processes, 8 (4), 444, 10.3390/pr8040444
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/8/4/444

2019
Han, Y., Hoekman, S.K., Cui, Z., Jena, U., Das, P. (2019). Hydrothermal liquefaction of marine microalgae biomass using co-solvents, Algal Research, 38, 101421, January 11, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2019.101421

Gai, C., Zhu, N., Hoekman, S.K., Liu, Z., Jiao, W., Peng, N. (2019). Highly dispersed nickel nanoparticles supported on hydrochar for hydrogen-rich syngas production from catalytic reforming of biomass, Energy Conversion and Management, 183, 474-484, 10.1016/j.enconman.2018.12.121

Das, P., Khan, S., Thaher, M., AbdulQuadir, M., Hoekman, S.K., Al-Jabri, H. (2019). Effect of harvesting methods on the energy requirement of Tetraselmis sp. biomass production and biocrude yield and quality, Bioresource Technology, 284, 9-15, March 23, 2019, 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.118

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Bishop, G. (2019). Diminishing Benefits of Federal Reformulated Gasoline (RFG) Compared to Conventional Gasoline (CG), SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr., 12 (1), 1-23, 10.4271/04-12-01-0001

2018
Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Liu, X. (2018). Environmental implications of higher ethanol production and use in the U.S.: A literature review. Part II — Biodiversity, land use change, GHG emissions, and sustainability, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 81, 3159-3177

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Liu, X. (2018). Environmental implications of higher ethanol production and use in the U.S.: A literature review. Part I — Impacts on water, soil, and air quality, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 81, 3140-3158

Leland, A., Hoekman, S.K., Liu, X. (2018). Review of modifications to indirect land use change modeling and resulting carbon intensity values within the California Low Carbon Fuel Standard regulations, Journal of Cleaner Production, 180 (2018), 698-707, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.077

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Simar, R. D., Ricks, Q. (2018). Investigation into Filter Plugging due to Sulfate Salt Contamination of Ethanol, Gasoline, andGasoline-Ethanol Blends, Final Report (CRC Report No. CM-136-15-1), 1-47. Prepared for the Coordinating Research Council, Inc.: Alpharetta, GA, January 17, 2018

Bishop, G. A., Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A. (2018). Evaluation of Emissions Benefits of Federal Reformulated Gasoline versus Conventional Gasoline, CRC Report No. E-123-2 (April 2018), pp. 1-74. Prepared for the Coordinating Research Council, Inc.: Alpharetta, GA

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A. (2018). Literature Review on the Effects of Organometallic Fuel Additives in Gasoline and Diesel Fuels, SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr., Volume 11, Issue 1 (February 2018), pp 1-20, 10.4271/04-11-01-0005

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Felix, L. (2018). Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) of Biomass for Energy ApplicationsChapter 8: Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) of Biomass for Energy Applications. In Tumuluru, J. S. (Ed.), Biomass Preprocessing and Pretreatments for Production of Biofuels: Mechanical, Chemical and Thermal Methods, 196-254. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL

Hoekman, S.K., McEvoy, D. J., Simeral, D. B., Fremeau, P. G. (2018). Comparison of Ambient Temperatures from ‘Donor Report’ to Modern Day Ambient Temperature for the Same Geographic Areas, CRC Report – CM-138-16-2. Coordinating Research Council: Alpharetta, GA
https://crcao.org/reports/recentstudies2018/CM-138-16-2/CM-138-16-2%20Final%20Report_December2018.pdf

2017
Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Felix, L., Farthing, W. (2017). Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) of Loblolly Pine Using a Continuous, Reactive Twin-Screw Extruder, Energy Conversion and Management, 134, 247-259, 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.12.035

Jena, U., Hoekman, S.K. (2017). Editorial: Recent Advancements in Algae-to-Biofuels Research: Novel Growth Technologies, Conversion Methods, and Assessments of Economic and Environmental Impacts, Frontiers in Energy Research, 5 (Article 2), 1-2, doi: 10.3389/fenrg.2017.0002

Liu, X., Hoekman, S.K., Farthing, W., Felix, L. (2017). TC2015: Life Cycle Analysis of Co-Formed Coal Fines and Hydrochar Produced in Twin-Screw Extruder (TSE), Environ. Prog. Sust. Energy, 36 (3), 668-676, 10.1002/ep.12552

Liu, X., Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A. (2017). Potential water requirements of increased ethanol fuel in the USA, Energy, Sustainability and Society, 7 (18), 1-13, 10.1186/s13705-017-0121-4

2016
Liu, Z., Guo, Y., Balasubramanian, R., Hoekman, S.K. (2016). Mechanical stability and combustion characteristics of hydrochar/lignite blend pellets, Fuel, 164, 59-65, 10.1016/j.fuel.2015.10.004

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Liu, X., Felix, L. (2016). MMT Effects on Gasoline Vehicles: A Literature Review, SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr., 9 (1), 322-343, 10.4271/2016-01-9073

Hoekman, S.K. (2016). Comment on Damages and Expected Deaths Due to Excess NOx Emissions from 2009 to 2015 Volkswagen Diesel Vehicles, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 4135-4136

Liu, Z., Zhang, F., Hoekman, S.K., Liu, T., Gai, C., Peng, N. (2016). Homogeneously Dispersed Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles Supported on Hydrochar-Derived Porous Carbon: in Situ Synthesis and Use for Dechlorination of PCBs, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 4 (6), 3261-3267, 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00306

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Liu, X. (2016). Environmental Implications of Higher Ethanol Production and Use in the U.S., Final Report to the American Petroleum Institute (API). (April 25, 2016). Desert Research Institute: Reno, NV

Leland, A., Hoekman, S.K. (2016). Effect of Metallic Additives in Market Gasoline and Diesel. Final Report Prepared for CRC: 41 pp., November 30, 2016, CRC Project No. E-114-2

2015
Chen, L.-W.A., Robles, J. A., Chow, J. C., Hoekman, S.K. (2015). Renewable hydrogen production from bio-oil in an aerosol pyrolysis system, Procedia Engineering, 102, 1867-1876

Liu, X., Hoekman, S.K., Robbins, C. M., Ross, P. D. (2015). Lifecycle Climate Impacts and Economic Performance of Commercial-scale Solar PV Systems: A Study of PV Systems at Nevada’s Desert Research Institute (DRI), Solar Energy, 119, 561-572, 10.1016/j.solener.2015.05.001

Liu, X., Hoekman, S.K. (2015). Life Cycle Analysis of Co-Formation of Coal Fines with Hydrochar Produced by Twin-Screw Extrusion (TSE) Process. GTI: Supplemental to Final Report, July 2, 2015, Report No. DE-FE0005349

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M. (2015). R&D to Prepare and Characterize Robust Coal/Biomass Mixtures for Direct Co-Feeding Into Gasification Systems. GTI: Final Report, April 30, 2015, Report No. DE-FE0005349

Collett, S., Hoekman, S.K., McCauley, E., Wallington, T. J. (2015). Highlights from the Coordinating Research Council 2015: Mobile Source Air Toxics Workshop, EM, July 2015, 29-32

Schuetzle, D., Schuetzle, R., Hoekman, S.K., Zielinska, B. K. (2015). The effect of oxygen on formation of syngas contaminants during the thermochemical conversion of biomass, Int. J. Energy Environ. Eng., 6 (4), 405-417, 10.1007/s40095-015-0187-8

Summers, H. M., Ledbetter, R. N., McCurdy, A. T., Morgan, M. R., Seefeldt, L. C., Jena, U., Hoekman, S.K., Quinn, J. C. (2015). Techno-economic feasibility and life cycle assessment of dairy effluent to renewable diesel via hydrothermal liquefaction, Bior. Tech., 196, 431-440, 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.077

Leland, A., Hoekman, S.K. (2015). Effects of Organometallic Additives on Gasoline Vehicles: Analysis of Existing Literature. Final Report submitted to the Coordinating Research Council (CRC), Report No. E-114: September 2015

Jena, U., McCurdy, A. T., Warren, A., Summers, H., Ledbetter, R. N., Hoekman, S.K., Seefeldt, L., Quinn, J. C. (2015). Oleaginous Yeast Platform for Producing Biofuels via Co-Solvent Hydrothermal Liquefaction., Biotechnol. Biofuels, 8, 167, 10.1186/s13068-015-0345-5

Liu, Z. G., Hoekman, S.K., Balasubramanian, R., Zhang, F. S. (2015). Improvement of fuel qualities of solid fuel biochars by washing treatment, Fuel Process. Technol., 134, 130-135

Felix, L. G., Farthing, W. E., Hoekman, S.K. (2015). Research & Development to Prepare and Characterize Robust Coal/Biomass Mixtures for Direct Co-Feeding into Gasification Systems, 172 pp.. Final Scientific/Technical Report: U.S. DOE. DOE Award No. DE-FE0005349, March 31, 2015

2014
Leland, A., Jena, U., Hoekman, S.K., Langford, J. (2014). Analysis of Solid and Aqueous Phase Products from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Whole and Lipid-Extracted Algae, Energies, 7 (1), 62-79, 10.3390/en7010062

Yan, W., Hoekman, S.K. (2014). Production of CO2-free hydrogen from methane dissociation: a review, Environ. Prog. Sust. Energy, 33 (1), 213-219

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M., Purcell, R. G., Zielinska, B. K., Felix, L., Irvin, J. (2014). Process Development Unit (PDU) for Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) of Lignocellulosic Biomass, Waste and Biomass Valorization, 5 (4), 669-678

Yan, W., Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Coronella, C. J. (2014). Effect of Hydrothermal Carbonization Reaction Parameters on the Properties of Hydrochar and Pellets, Environ. Prog & Sust. Energy, 33, 676-680

Reza, M., Uddin, M. H., Lynam, J. G., Hoekman, S.K., Coronella, C. J. (2014). Hydrothermal carbonization of loblolly pine: reaction chemistry and water balance, Biomass. Conv. Bioref., 4, 311-321, 10.1007/s13399-014-0115-9

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Warren, A., Felix, L., Irwin, J. (2014). Laboratory pelletization of hydrochar from woody biomass, Biofuels, 5 (6), 651-666, 10.1080/17597269.1012693

Robbins, C. M., Goldade, T. D., Hoekman, S.K., Jacobson, R. L., Turner, R. H. (2014). Empirically Driven Computer Simulations of Solar Thermal Systems for Space Heating and Domestic Hot Water, ASME Technical Paper, ESFuelCell2014-6626

Damm, C. J., Strobach, E., Robbins, C. M., Leland, A., Turner, R. H., Hoekman, S.K. (2014). Development of the Renewable Energy Deployment and Display (REDD) Facility at the Desert Research Institute, ASME Technical Paper, ESFuelCell2014-6626

Liu, Z., Balasubramanian, R., Hoekman, S.K. (2014). Chapter 9: Production of Renewable Solid Fuel Hydrochar from Waste Biomass by Sub- and Supercritical Water TreatmentChapter : . In , Near-critical and Supercritical Water and their Applications for Biorefineries, XVI, 474 p. (2014), 231-260. Fang, Z., and Xu, C.C. (Eds.): Springer, 2014

Jena, U., Hoekman, S.K. (2014). Development of commodity bio-oil from algae biomass via low temperature hydrothermal conversion process, 34 pp.. Final report to Univ. Georgia Research Foundation: DOE Contract DOE-DE-EE006201, October 30, 2014

Hoekman, S.K., Jena, U., Leland, A. (2014). Two-Step HTC Treatment of Lignocellulosic Feedstock for Conversion into Sugars and High Energy Density Hydrochar, 20 pp.. Final Report: American Process Inc. (API), July 23, 2014

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M., Wang, X., Gronstal, S. B., Zielinska, B. K. (2014). Demonstration of a Pilot Integrated Biorefinery (IBR) for the Economical Conversion of Biomass to Diesel Fuel, 65 pp.. Final Report to REII: DOE Contract DE-EE0002876, January 31, 2014

2013
Leland, A., Hoekman, S.K., Unnasch, S. (2013). A review of variability in indirect land use change assessment and modeling in biofuel policy, Environ. Sci. & Policy, 29, 147-157

Hoekman, S.K., Robbins, C. M., X. Wang, Zielinska, B. K., Schuetzle, D., Schuetzle, R. (2013). Characterization of trace contaminants in syngas from the thermochemical conversion of biomass, Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 3 (4), 271-282

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M., Zielinska, B. K., Felix, L. (2013). Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of selected woody and herbaceous biomass feedstocks, Biomass Conv. Bioref., 3, 113-126

Liu, Z., Quek, A., Parshetti, G., Jain, A., Srivivasan, M. P., Hoekman, S.K., Balasubramanian, R. (2013). A study of nitrogen conversion and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions during hydrochar-lignite co-pyrolysis, Appl. Energy, 108, 74-81

Liu, Z., Quek, A., Hoekman, S.K., Balasubramanian, R. (2013). Production of solid biochar fuel from waste biomass by hydrothermal carbonization, Fuel, 103, 943-949

Parshetti, G. K., Hoekman, S.K., Balasubramanian, R. (2013). Chemical, structural and combustion characteristics of carbonaceous products obtained by hydrothermal carbonization of palm empty fruit bunches, Bior. Tech., 135, 683-689

Reza, M. T., Yan, W., Uddin, M. H., Lynam, J. G., Hoekman, S.K., Coronella, C. J., Vasquez, V. R. (2013). Reaction kinetics of hydrothermal carbonization of loblolly pine, Bior. Tech., 139, 161-169

Samburova, V., Lemos, M. S., Hiibel, S., Hoekman, S.K., Cushman, J., Zielinska, B. K. (2013). Analysis of triacylglycerols and free fatty acids in algae using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 90, 53-64

2012
Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M., Ceniceros, E., Natarajan, M. (2012). Review of biodiesel composition, properties, and specifications, Renew. Sust. Energy Reviews, 16, 143-169

Hoekman, S.K., Robbins, C. M. (2012). Review of the effects of biodiesel on NOx emissions, Fuel Proc. Technol., 96, 237-249

Liu, Z., Quek, A., Hoekman, S.K., Srinivasan, M. P., Balasubramanian, R. (2012). Thermogravimetric investigation of hydrochar-lignite co-combustion, Bior. Technol., 123, 646-652

Yan, W., Hoekman, S.K. (2012). Dust Suppression with Glycerin from Biodiesel Production: A Review, J. Environ. Protect., 3, 218-224

2011
Robbins, C. M., Hoekman, S.K., Ceniceros, E., Natarajan, M. (2011). Effects of Biodiesel Fuels Upon Criteria Emissions, JSAE

X. Wang, Robbins, C. M., Hoekman, S.K., Chow, J. C., Watson, J. G., Schuetzle, D. (2011). Dilution sampling and analysis of particulate matter in biomass-derived syngas, Frontiers of Environmental Science and Engineering in China, 320-330

Robbins, C. M., Hoekman, S.K., Ceniceros, E., Natarajan, M. (2011). Effects of Biodiesel Fuels upon Criteria Emissions, So. Auto Eng. Tech. Paper, No. 2011-01-1943 (2011), 10.4271/2011-01-1943

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M. (2011). Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) of Lignocellulosic Biomass, Energy Fuels, 25 (4), 1802-1810

2010
Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M., Purcell, R. G. (2010). CO2 Recycling by Reaction with Renewably-Generated Hydrogen, Intl J Greenhouse Gas Control, 4, 44-50, doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2009:09.012

Bruins, R., Hoekman, S.K., Efroymson, R., Aden, A., Hecht, A. (2010). Transportation Fuels for the 21st Century, EM, Nov. 2010, 26-32

2009
Hoekman, S.K. (2009). Biofuels in the US – Challenges and Opportunities, Renew Energ, 34, 14-22

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M., Purcell, R. G. (2009). CO2 Recycling by Reaction with Renewably-Generated Hydrogen, Intl. J. Greenhouse Gas Control, 4, 44-50

Hoekman, S.K., Gertler, A. W., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M., Natarajan, M. (2009). Biodistillate Transportation Fuels 1 – Production and Properties, Soc. Auto. Eng. Tech. Paper, No. 2009-01-2766

Robbins, C. M., Hoekman, S.K., Gertler, A. W., Leland, A., Natarajan, M. (2009). Biodistillate Transportation Fuels 2 – Emissions Impacts, Soc. Auto. Eng. Tech. Paper, No. 2009-01-2724

Leland, A., Hoekman, S.K., Gertler, A. W., Robbins, C. M., Natarajan, M. (2009). Biodistillate Transportation Fuels 3 – Life-Cycle Impacts, Soc. Auto. Eng. Tech. Paper, No. 2009-01-2768

Hoekman, S.K. (2009). Biofuels in the U.S. – Challenges and Opportunities, Renewable Energy, 34, 14-22

1993
Hoekman, S.K. (1993). Reply to comments on, Environmental Science & Technology, 27 (7), 1454-1454, 10.1021/es00044a024
https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00044a024

Conference Proceedings
2022
Hoekman, S.K., Welstand, J. (2022). Publication of the Story of the (Near) Elimination of Gasoline Vehicle Emissions. 32nd CRC Real World Emissions Workshop: San Diego, CA, March 13, 2022-March 17, 2022

2018
Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Bishop, G. A. (2018). Diminishing Benefits of Federal Reformulated Gasoline (RFG). 28th CRC Real World Emissions Workshop: Garden Grove, CA, March 18, 2018-March 21, 2018

Han, Y., Hoekman, S.K., Cui, Z., Jena, U., Das, P. (2018). Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Marine and Fresh Water Microalgae Using Co-solvents. Algae Biomass Summit 2018: Houston, TX, October 14, 2018-October 17, 2018

2017
X. Wang, Hoekman, S.K., Chow, J. C., Watson, J., Wu, Y., Zhou, Y., Wu, X., Schuetzle, D., Schuetzle, R. (2017). Potential Emission Reduction and Air Quality Improvements by Replacing Petroleum Diesel with Synthetic Diesel Fuels in Beijing. Clean Technologies and Renewable Energy Center Stakeholders Meeting

2016
Hoekman, S.K., Liu, X., Felix, L., Farthing, B. (2016). Life Cycle Analysis of Co-Formed Coal/Hydrochar Briquettes Produced by a Twin-Screw Extrusion (TSE) Process. International Biomass Conference and Expo: Charlotte, NC, April 11, 2016

Liu, X., Hoekman, S.K., Robbins, C. M., Ross, P. D. (2016). Life Cycle Analysis and Economic analysis of Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems. Energy, Utility and Environment Conference (EUEC): San Diego, CA, February 2, 2016

Hoekman, S.K., Liu, X., Felix, L., Farthing, B. (2016). Life Cycle Analysis of Co-Formed Coal/Hydrochar Briquettes Produced by a Twin-Screw Extrusion (TSE) Process. Energy, Utility and Environment Conference (EUEC): San Diego, CA, February 2, 2016

Hoekman, S.K., Liu, X., Felix, L., Farthing, B. (2016). Life Cycle Analysis of Co-Formed Coal/Hydrochar Briquettes Produced by a Twin-Screw Extrusion (TSE) Process. ENV-VISION Conference: Washington, D.C., May 10, 2016

Liu, X., Hoekman, S.K., Robbins, C. M., Ross, P. D. (2016). Life Cycle Analysis and Economic Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems. ENV-VISION Conference: Washington, D.C., May 10, 2016

Hoekman, S.K. (2016). Production, Characterization, and Benefits of Bio-Coal. Presentation at the University of Santiago: Santiago, Chile, July 13, 2016

2015
Jena, U., McCurdy, A. P., Warren, A., Seefeldt, L., Hoekman, S.K., Quinn, J. (2015). Oleaginous Yeast Platform for Producing Biofuels via Co-Solvent Hydrothermal Liquefaction, Presentation. 2015 National Biodiesel Conference: Dallas, TX, January 19, 2015

Summers, H. R., Ledbetter, A., Seefeldt, L., McCurdy, A. T., Jena, U., Hoekman, S.K. (2015). Technoeconomic and life cycle analyses: waste lactose to biofuel, Presentation. 2015 National Biodiesel Conference: Dallas, TX, January 19, 2015

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Felix, L., Farthing, B. (2015). Rapid, continuous production of solid biofuel using reactive twin screw extrusion. International Biomass Conference and Expo: Minneapolis, MN, April 20, 2015

Leland, A., Hoekman, S.K., Felix, L., Farthing, B. (2015). Producing Bio-Coal with a Continuous, Fast Hydrothermal Carbonization Process. Energy, Utility and Environment Conference: San Diego, CA, February 16, 2015

Hoekman, S.K. (2015). Biofuels: Introduction and Insights. Invited talk. UNLV Chemistry Department: Las Vegas, NV, May 1, 2015

Jena, U., Costanzo, W., Kastner, J. R., Das, K. C., Hoekman, S.K. (2015). Multi-step Hydrothermal Processing of Algae for Biocrude Production and Aqueous co-Products Recycling. Presentation at the Algal Biomass Summit: Washington, D.C., September 29, 2015-October 2, 2015

Jena, U., Ekefre, D., Mahapatra, A. K., Hoekman, S.K. (2015). Recovery of Energy-dense Hydrochar and Sugars from Sweet Sorghum Bagasse. Presentation at the American Institute of Chemical Engineering’s Annual Meeting: Salt Lake City, UT, November 8, 2015

Jena, U., Das, P., Thaher, M. I., Hoekman, S.K. (2015). Evaluation of Growth and Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Algae from Raceway Systems Using Seawater. Poster presentation at the Algal Biomass Summit: Washington, D.C., September 29, 2015-October 2, 2015

Felix, L., Farthing, W., Brunel, S., Butler, W., Maller, G., Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Irvin, J., Snyder, T. (2015). Reactive Twin-Screw Extrusion for the Rapid and Continuous Production of Hydrothermally Carbonized Biomass and Chemicals.. 23rd European Biomass Conference and Exhibition: Vienna, Austria, June 1, 2015

Felix, L. G., Farthing, W. E., Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A. (2015). The Rapid and Continuous Production of Hydrothermally Carbonized Biomass and Chemicals by Reactive, Twin-Screw Extrusion. TCBiomass2015: Technology for the Bioeconomy: Chicago, IL, November 2, 2015

Liu, X., Hoekman, S.K., Farthing, W., Felix, L. (2015). Life Cycle Analysis of Co-Formed Coal Fines and Hydrochar Produced in Twin Screw Extruder (TSE). tcbiomass2015: Technology for the Bioeconomy: Chicago, IL, November 2, 2015

2014
Damm, C. J., Strobach, E., Robbins, C. M., Leland, A., Turner, R. H., Hoekman, S.K. (2014). Development of the Renewable Energy Deployment and Display (REDD) Facility at the Desert Research Institute. Proceedings of the ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability & 12th Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology Conference, ESFuelCell2014-6626: Boston, MA, June 30, 2014-July 2, 2014

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Jena, U., Robbins, C. M., Felix, L. (2014). Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) treatment of agricultural residues and other biomass. Presentation at the 247th American Chemical Society (ACS) National Meeting: Dallas, TX, March 16, 2014

Robbins, C. M., Goldade, T. D., Hoekman, S.K., Jacobson, R. L., Turner, R. H. (2014). Empirically Driven Computer Simulations of Solar Thermal Systems for Space Heating and Domestic Hot Water. ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability & 12th Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology Conference, ESFuelCell2014: Boston, MA, June 30, 2014-July 2, 2014

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Warren, A., Felix, L., Coble, G. (2014). Waterproof Wood Pellets via Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC). EUEC Conference: Phoenix, AZ, February 3, 2014

Hoekman, S.K. (2014). Biofuel Usage, Composition, and Engine Emissions in the U.S.. 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology: Phoenix, AZ, March 23, 2014

Jena, U., Kastner, J. R., Hoekman, S.K. (2014). Conversion of Algal Feedstocks in Hot, Compressed Water. Open Forum of the DOE Spring Workshop: Charleston, SC, March 26, 2014

Jena, U., McCurdy, A. P., Warren, A., Hoekman, S.K., Quinn, J., Seefeldt, L. (2014). Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Oleaginous Microbial Biomass in Binary Solvents. Poster presentation at the 4th International Conference on Algal Biomass, Biofuels and Bioproducts: Santa Fe, NM, June 15, 2014

Jena, U., McCurdy, A. P., Warren, A., Hoekman, S.K., Quinn, J., Seefeldt, L. (2014). Assessment of Hydrothermal Processing Methods for Conversion of Microorganisms. Algal Biomass Organization (ABO) Algae Biomass Summit: San Diego, CA, September 29, 2014-October 2, 2014

Liu, X., Hoekman, S.K., Robbins, C. M., Ross, P. D. (2014). Lifecycle Climate Impacts and Economic Performance of Commercial-Scale Solar PV Systems: A Field Study of PV Systems at Nevada’s Desert Research Institute (DRI). 2014 American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting: San Francisco, CA, December 15, 2014

2013
Jena, U., Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M. (2013). Hydrothermal Conversion of Biomass into Pelletizable Coal-Like Biofuel: DRI’s Experience. Presentation at the Southeast Bioenergy Conference: Atlanta, GA, February 10, 2013

Jena, U., Leland, A., Warren, A., Hoekman, S.K. (2013). Hydrothermal carbonization of delipidized algal feedstocks into coal-like solid fuels. Presented at the 3rd Algal Biomass, Biofuels, and Bioproducts Conference: Toronto, Canada, June 16, 2013

Jena, U., Leland, A., Hoekman, S.K., Das, K. C. (2013). Aqueous Processing of Algal feedstocks into biofuels in sub-/supercritical water. Presented at the 1st International Conference on Biotechnology, Bioinformatics and Bioengineering: Tirupati, India, June 28, 2013

Jena, U., Das, K. C., Hoekman, S.K. (2013). Evaluation of yield, properties, and catalytic upgrading of algal biocrude produced by co-solvent liquefaction. . Presentation at the Algae Biomass Summit: Orlando, FL, September 30, 2013-October 3, 2013

Hoekman, S.K. (2013). Workshop on the “Nexus of Biofuels Energy, Climate Change, and Health”. Invited Talk. Sponsored by the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine. Institute of Medicine of the National Academies: Washington, DC, January 24, 2013

Jena, U., Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Rios, R. D., Felix, L., Coble, G. (2013). Hydrothermal carbonization of woody and herbaceous biomass into energy-dense solid fuel. Web poster session on the Earth Day: Atlanta, GA, April 22, 2013

Hoekman, S.K., Berli, M. (2013). DRI’s Clean Technologies and Renewable Energy Center (CTREC). Poster presentation at the Council of Energy Research and Education Leaders (CEREL): Argonne National Laboratory, November 4, 2013-November 6, 2013

Jena, U., Das, K. C., Hoekman, S.K. (2013). Novel hydrothermal processing of algal feedstocks into liquid fuel precursor. . Presented at the World Congress on Petrochemistry and Chemical Engineering: San Antonio, TX, October 3, 2013

2012
Leland, A., Hoekman, S.K., Unnasch, S. (2012). Land Use and Indirect Land Use Change Modeling in Life Cycle Assessments of Biofuels. AWMA Annual Conference and Exposition: San Antonio, TX, June 19, 2012

Leland, A., Hoekman, S.K., Robbins, C. M., Coronella, C., Felix, L., Yan, W. (2012). Renewable Solid Fuels via Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) of Cellulosic Biomass. Pacific West Biomass Conference: San Francisco, CA, January 16, 2012

Felix, L., Irvine, J., Farthing, B., Snyder, T., Hoekman, S.K., Coronella, C. (2012). Torrefaction Opportunities. Small Wood 2012 Conference: Flagstaff, AZ, May 1, 2012

Felix, L., Hoekman, S.K., Coronella, C. (2012). Wet Torrefaction- The Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass. International Workshop of Biomass Torrefaction for Energy: Albi, France, May 10, 2012

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M., Coronella, C., Felix, L., Yan, W. (2012). Renewable Solid Fuels via Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) of Cellulosic Biomass. Presentation, Electric Utilities Environmental Conference: Phoenix, AZ, January 30, 2012-February 1, 2012

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M., Coronell, C., Felix, L., Yan, W., Coble, G. (2012). Hydrochar as a Renewable Biofuel. Presentation, International Biomass Conference and Expo: Denver, CO, April 16, 2012

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M., Coronella, C., Felix, L., Yan, W. (2012). Renewable Solid Fuels via Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) of Cellulosic Biomass. Presentation, AWMA Annual Conference and Exposition: San Antonio, TX, June 19, 2012

Hoekman, S.K., Samburova, V., Zielinska, B. K. (2012). Direct Analysis of Algal TAGs. Presentation, Biodiesel Technical Workshop: Kansas City, MO, October 30, 2012

Jena, U., Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Robbins, C. M. (2012). Hydrothermal Conversion of Biomass into Pelletizable Coal-Like Biofuel: DRI’s Experience. Bioenergy Fuels & Products Conference & Expo: Atlanta, GA, February 28, 2012

Other
2018
Hoekman, S.K. (2018). “Vehicle emissions, fuel economy more complex than media reports suggest: Hoekman”, Reno Gazette Journal [Reno, NV], Published 3:58 p.m. PT July 9, 2018

2017
Collet, S., Hoekman, S.K., Collins, J., Wallington, T., McConnell, S., Gong, L. (2017). Conference Highlights: The 2017 Mobile Source Air Toxics Workshop, em, The Magazine for Environmental Managers, A&WMA, May 2017. 8th CRC Mobile Source Air Toxics Workshop: Sacramento, CA, February 13, 2017-February 15, 2017

2015
Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Jena, U., Felix, L. (2015). Hydrochar Mixture and Method for Producing Same. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/273,324: Filed December 30, 2015

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Liu, X. (2015). Bio-Coal: The Other Solid Biofuel. DAS Science Talks at DRI: Reno, NV, June 10, 2015

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Liu, X. (2015). Environmental Implications of Higher Ethanol Production and Use in the U.S.. DAS Science Talks at DRI: Reno, NV, December 10, 2015

Liu, X., Hoekman, S.K., Robbins, C. M., Ross, P. D. (2015). Life Cycle analysis and Economic analysis of DRI Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems. DAS Science Talks at DRI: Reno, NV, January 21, 2015

Hoekman, S.K., Leland, A., Jena, U. (2015). Hydrothermal Carbonization of Algal Feedstocks and Fuels Produced Thereby. U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2015/0361371 A1; Appl. No. 14/738/559: Pub. Date: Dec. 17. 2015